The mechanical drive of boats includes a motor and a propellant. The engine was first developed with the steam engine, now replaced in most uses by Diesel two-stroke or four-stroke engines, with an outboard petrol engine on smaller units, by a turbine gas on fast ships (NGV, frigates) or by a diesel-electric group for advanced applications. Some advanced machines combine the two systems, as CODAG for Combined Diesel and Gas (diesel and gas turbine combined on used boats for sale by owner).
Electric motors have sometimes been used, for example on ships. Finally, nuclear energy is used on warships and icebreakers. The most common is the thruster propeller and its various variants: twin screw, counter-rotating, variable pitch nozzle in a small craft often has a single propeller and an aircraft carrier up to four propellers supplemented with cross, bow or back.
For a boat, the hull is lifted at full speed through the action of water on the bearing surfaces, reducing to as the water resistance. For surface effect ships and hovercraft, lift is assured so aerostatic or by an air cushion, or by creating an air pocket effect surface. The vessel is in equilibrium on the one hand when the forces are of equal size, so when the immersion is sufficient for buoyancy compensates for weight; secondly when the moments is balanced.
The ship takes a position of equilibrium. If the weight is evenly distributed, the sailboat floats with zero tilt, but the action of waves, wind and moving weight (displacement of the crew, ballast, cargo) causes an inclination to longitudinal axis (B & B) or transverse (plate).
By topping up the bow thrusters allow to avoid (turn) the boat at low speed, such as ports or for vessels with dynamic positioning. The sails on the ends of a sailboat also have a more directional than propulsive role. Once it reaches a certain size, in the order of eight feet in length, often a vessel has one or more bridge (s) closing the shell and dividing the space horizontally.
From the dugout, it remains almost the keel boats, which continues today in wooden constructions. Meanwhile, the first navigators find that by deploying an animal skin or woven plant canvas, stretched at the end of a pole more or less vertically attached to the bottom of a boat, they can use wind power. Thus began the settlement of Oceania about three thousand years ago. The Romans little innovated in shipbuilding, with the exception of collision Raven system. Their boats are mainly siding planks. Before the introduction of the compass, navigation at sea is mainly by celestial navigation. The use of needles is mentioned in China in the second century BC.
Above the main deck, there are various bodies whose function is sometimes aesthetics. They are generally very low on a sailboat, fully aft on a cargo ship, extending the entire length of a vessel passengers, or divided into several components on tall ships. If each type of boat has its own equipment some devices are common to many types.
One or more anchor (s) on the front allows the anchorage and immobilization of a watercraft in shallow water. It is connected to a string passing through a chock to a chain locker. Chains and anchors and ship's gear up the mooring lines that are operated by a windlass or capstan. Wearing a mast allows antennas, navigation lights, flags, radar, fog horn, etc. Accordance with the law.
Electric motors have sometimes been used, for example on ships. Finally, nuclear energy is used on warships and icebreakers. The most common is the thruster propeller and its various variants: twin screw, counter-rotating, variable pitch nozzle in a small craft often has a single propeller and an aircraft carrier up to four propellers supplemented with cross, bow or back.
For a boat, the hull is lifted at full speed through the action of water on the bearing surfaces, reducing to as the water resistance. For surface effect ships and hovercraft, lift is assured so aerostatic or by an air cushion, or by creating an air pocket effect surface. The vessel is in equilibrium on the one hand when the forces are of equal size, so when the immersion is sufficient for buoyancy compensates for weight; secondly when the moments is balanced.
The ship takes a position of equilibrium. If the weight is evenly distributed, the sailboat floats with zero tilt, but the action of waves, wind and moving weight (displacement of the crew, ballast, cargo) causes an inclination to longitudinal axis (B & B) or transverse (plate).
By topping up the bow thrusters allow to avoid (turn) the boat at low speed, such as ports or for vessels with dynamic positioning. The sails on the ends of a sailboat also have a more directional than propulsive role. Once it reaches a certain size, in the order of eight feet in length, often a vessel has one or more bridge (s) closing the shell and dividing the space horizontally.
From the dugout, it remains almost the keel boats, which continues today in wooden constructions. Meanwhile, the first navigators find that by deploying an animal skin or woven plant canvas, stretched at the end of a pole more or less vertically attached to the bottom of a boat, they can use wind power. Thus began the settlement of Oceania about three thousand years ago. The Romans little innovated in shipbuilding, with the exception of collision Raven system. Their boats are mainly siding planks. Before the introduction of the compass, navigation at sea is mainly by celestial navigation. The use of needles is mentioned in China in the second century BC.
Above the main deck, there are various bodies whose function is sometimes aesthetics. They are generally very low on a sailboat, fully aft on a cargo ship, extending the entire length of a vessel passengers, or divided into several components on tall ships. If each type of boat has its own equipment some devices are common to many types.
One or more anchor (s) on the front allows the anchorage and immobilization of a watercraft in shallow water. It is connected to a string passing through a chock to a chain locker. Chains and anchors and ship's gear up the mooring lines that are operated by a windlass or capstan. Wearing a mast allows antennas, navigation lights, flags, radar, fog horn, etc. Accordance with the law.
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